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Selected issues of legal forms of persecution in the 60s to 80s of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia
Obr, Vojtěch ; Šouša, Jiří (advisor) ; Blažek, Lukáš (referee)
Selected issues of legal forms of persecution in the 60s to 80s of the 20th century in Czechoslovakia Abstract After the year 1948, when the communist regime was established in Czechoslovakia, a number of persecutory instruments were enacted in order to suppress any disagreement with the established regime and to eliminate opponents of the socialist establishment. The thesis focuses on the period of the 1960s and 1980s, when the persecutions did not reach the level and cruelty they had in the 1950s, but they were still a very significant part of the repressive component of the government regime. The main focus of the work is on the persecution in the period before the so called Prague Spring, it follows the period of social relaxation in 1968 and the re-introduction of persecution mechanisms in the period after August 1968. In the first chapters, the work describes and analyzes legal developments after the Second World War with an emphasis on the 1960s and 1980s and subsequently concentrates on specific forms of enforcement, whether it is criminal prosecution, persecution in the field of citizenship, persecution in the field of property law or labor law. Klíčová slova: legal forms, persecution, Czechoslovakia
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Time of the socialist collectivization village from the point of view of contemporary witnesses of the village of Velká Losenice
FIŠAROVÁ, Alena
The aim of this bachelor´s thesis is to bring us closer to the origin and course of the communist regime in the village of Velká Losenice through the testimony of five witnesses. One of the main benefits of the work is the narrators statements that contain specific information about the situation at that time. Testimonies are provided not only by the descendants of peasant families, but also from earlier landless persons, small farmers and members of the Communist Party. Their testimony serves as valuable material for establishing the overall picture of the village. Another crucial point of the thesis are the criminal charges of the prosecuted "rural rich" and the impact of this imprisonment on other farmers. The result of this exploration follows the successes and failures of the establishment of the collective socialist enterprise, and creates a complex form of rural society and relations between citizens. This thesis follows the post-war period (1945/1948), the establishing of the Unified Agricultural Cooperative and the subsequent epoch of its development, which is generally monitored up to the year 1989.
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Persecution of the Latin Church in Czechoslovakia - ideology, strategy and tactics of the Communist party of Czechoslovakia
Kurfiřtová, Tereza ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Váňa, Tomáš (referee)
This work examines the prosecution of the Roman Catholic Church in the Communist-ruled Czechoslovak Republic. The first part analyzes the mutual relationship of the communist ideology and the Roman Catholic Church. The basic tenets of communism are presented via the works of Karl Marx, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin and consecutive texts labeled Marxist- Leninist. The thoughts of the church are presented through the statements of several popes that took a stand against the ideals of communism and the atrocities committed in their name. The second chapter analyzes the individual steps the Communist-controlled state took against the church. Particular attention is devoted to the period from the February 1948 Communist takeover up to the end of the 1950s. This period can be further divided into three phases, distinguished by the differing tactics employed by the Communist Party. In the first phase, the Communists were attempting to subdue the church, the second phase was characteristic by very ruthless prosecution of the church officials, while the hallmark of the third phase was mainly a systematic policy of atheization. The aim of this work is a comparison of the ideological underpinnings of the Communist ideology with the real-world practice of the attempted elimination of religion from society. Focus is...
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Everyday Persecution. Secret Police and the Opposition in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s.
Hošek, Jakub ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Vilímek, Tomáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with clashing of Secret Police and opposition in Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 1980s. The aim of this thesis is to plastically take down different forms of this collisions and also strategies, which were chosen by both involved sides and to suggest when creation of personal relations among members of both sides could occur. Submitted thesis bears on sources from the Secret Police provenance, materials and texts, which originated in inside of opposition and interviews with participants as well. All of it is supported by research and quoting of secondary literature. The first part consists of description of strategies, which the Secret Police applied against opposition. The description of how these strategies were projected into lives of opposition members is given in the second part of this thesis. In the third part defence mechanisms, which were created by opposition against repressions from the Secret Police are explained and the fourth part deals with human relations among members of Secret Police and dissidents. Key words: Secret Police, opposition, dissent, Charter 77, everyday life, persecution
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Nikos Zachariadis and the Communist Party of Greece during the Metaxas dictatorship
Karasová, Nikola ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
This essay describes the situation of the communist movement in Greek society in the interwar period and mainly during the Metaxas dictatorship (1936-1941) when it had to adopt to many important changes. The Greek communists who were ruthlessly persecuted by the regime had gained greater public support as well as further experience in illegal activity. When they later got engaged in the fights of the World War II and the Greek civil war they suceeded to make use of it. Despite the ideology of Metaxas being in plain contradiction to the ideology of the Communist party of Greece, they both cooperated after the Italian agression against Greece in October 1940. This attitude helped Metaxas, as well as KKE, to gain public support that had been so far unusual. It is a paradox that the year 1941 became for both of them historically the first moment of explicit political success.
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Persecution of Jews in our Territory in the Years 1935 - 1942
ČERNÁ, Tereza
My dissertation focuses on the problem of the persecution of Jews in the years 1935-1942. This issue is being described in relation to the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, as it is infamous for its Nuremberg race laws of 15 September 1935. By these laws Jewish inhabitans were marginalized, disinherited and expropriated and so new ground was broken for the Nazi to so called "final solution of the jewish issue". My dissertation tries to describe particular protectorate laws and statutory rules, which affected jewish lifes in such fatal way during this period. One of the important elements of my thesis is also an overview of the most vital sources of anti-Semitism throughout history. This overview culminates by the treatise on the theory of races, which represent the cornerstone of the Nazi ideology. The last chapter treats of emigration as the only possibility to escape from the Nazi terror and save one´s bare life.
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